1. n. [Geology]

The process by which unconsolidated sediments become sedimentary rock. Sediments typically are derived from preexisting rocks by weathering, transported and redeposited, and then buried and compacted by overlying sediments. Cementation causes the sediments to harden, or lithify, into rock.

See related terms: cement,  compaction,  consolidated,  detrital,  diagenesis,  hiatus,  primary porosity,  sediment,  tuff