1. n. [Geology]

The relatively plastic layer of the upper mantle of the Earth on which the tectonic plates of the lithosphere move. The asthenosphere is approximately 200 km [124 miles] thick and, owing to its depth below the Earth's surface, warm (~ 1,400 degC [2,640 degF]) but not molten. Here the mantle deforms by plastic flow in response to applied pressures above 100 MPa [14,500 psi]. This zone is considered coincidental, at least below oceanic crust, with the low-velocity zone of the upper mantle.

See related terms: core,  crust,  isostasy,  plate tectonics,  subduction